The present study was conducted to explore the floristic composition and ecological characteristics of the plant resources of Hazar Nao hills. In this study, 242 species belonging to 88 families were explored. Based on the number of species, Poaceae (32 species) followed by Asteraceae (22 species), Lamiaceae (16 species), Papilionaceae (11 species), Euphorbiaceae and Solanaceae (6 species each), Amaranthaceae, Brassicaceae, Moraceae and Scrophulariaceae (5 species each), Apiaceae, Boraginaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Plantaginaceae (4 species each) were the leading families. There were 157 (64.88%) species of herbs, 49 (20.25%) species of shrubs and 33 (13.64) species of trees, while climbers shared 3 (1.24%) species. Life form spectrum was dominated by therophytes (99 species, 40.91%), while among the leaf size spectrum nanophyll (83 species, 34.30%) was the dominant class. Cuscuta reflexa, Periploca aphylla and Equisetum arvense were the aphyllous species represented in the study area.